Retinoblastoma
Retinoblastoma is a rare but most common primary malignant intraocular tumor in
children. Its origin is from immature cells in the retina. These cells increase in number and grow
inside the eye and can traverse it to the body. Children with retinoblastoma may have inherited a
gene from their parents that causes this disease. These children tend to get retinoblastoma at an
earlier age, and in both eyes. The most common presentation is leukocoria (whitening of the dark
pupil) but squinting, redness and swelling might be another signs. The diagnosis is made
clinically. Imaging of the eye by CT-scan or Ultrasonography can show calcifications.
Chemotherapy, radiation, local control (laser or cryotherapy) and enucleation (removal of the
eye) are treatment options depending on the stage of the disease and size. Collaboration with a
pediatric oncologist is crucial.
